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Views: 55 Author: Site Editor Publish Time: 2023-05-05 Origin: Site
Gallic acid, chemically known as 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid, molecular formula C7H6O5, is a polyphenolic organic compound that is widely found in plants such as palm rhubarb, eucalyptus grandis and dogwood, and has a wide range of applications in food, biology, medicine and chemicals.
The alkyl esters of gallic acid can be divided into lower esters (e.g. methyl ester, ethyl ester, propyl ester, etc.) and higher esters (e.g. octyl ester, lauryl ester, octadecyl ester, etc.) according to the number of alkyl carbon atoms, all of which are excellent antioxidants for food. Antioxidants G1000, EG-5 emulsion and EG-5 oil, especially propyl gallate as an antioxidant, can be used in edible fats and oils to prevent rancidity and deterioration. Propyl gallate (PG) has been approved for use in many countries, and is produced in Japan, the USA, Germany and the UK. Most foreign processed aquatic products have switched to using gallic acid as an antioxidant by dipping or spraying.
Gallic acid has various biological activities such as anti-inflammatory, anti-mutagenic, antioxidant and anti-free radical; it also has anti-tumour effects and can inhibit the metastasis of mast cell tumours, thus prolonging survival; it is also a relatively suitable candidate for trypanocide; it is hepatoprotective against carbon tetrachloride-induced physiological and biochemical changes in the liver; it can induce endothelial-dependent vascular contraction by inhibiting the production of endothelial NO endothelium-dependent contraction and endothelium-dependent relaxation.
1. Antibacterial and antiviral: In vitro, it has inhibitory effects on Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus octavis, α-keyococcus, Neisseria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, F. dysenteriae, S. typhi Hd, S. paratyphi A, etc. Its inhibitory concentration is 5 mg/mL. In vitro, it has inhibitory effects on 17 species of fungi at a concentration of 3%, and also has certain inhibitory effects on influenza virus. It can treat bacillary dysentery. It has astringent, anti-haemorrhagic and anti-diarrhoeal effects. 2.
2. Anti-tumour: It has strong inhibitory effect on lung adenoma in mice caused by morpholine plus sodium nitrite.
Gallic acid can be used to make a variety of fuels, flame stabilizers, blue-black ink (gallic acid and trivalent iron ions to form a blue-black precipitate, is the raw material of blue-black ink) and flute agent, can be used as a plant growth regulator, with vitamin C as a fortifying bait fish farming, but also ultraviolet absorbers, flame retardants, semiconductor photoresist raw materials, can be formulated to prevent rust primer and aluminum alloy organic coating, the formulation of water-based It is also used as a fluidising agent for drilling mud, and its effect is comparable or even better than that of lignin sulfonates. It is also used industrially for tanning; it is used as a photographic developer. It is also used as a developer and as an analytical reagent for the detection of free inorganic acids, dihydroxyacetone, alkaloids and metals.
